Ebola Outbreak Exposed WHO's Organizational Failings, Experts Report

Healthcare workers in protective suits leave the high-risk area of a Doctors Without Borders Ebola treatment facility in Monrovia, Liberia, in August. A panel of experts says the outbreak exposed the World Health Organization's organizational failings. (Dominique Faget / AFP/Getty Images)

The World Health Organization must undergo significant changes to meet its “core function of protecting global health” according to a panel of exports who scrutinized the agency’s bungled response to the deadly Ebola outbreak.

The report (SEE INTERIM REPORT) issued Tuesday did not blame any WHO officials specifically for the failings, but instead criticized the U.N. health organization’s bureaucratic culture. Sluggish efforts by WHO officials to contain the virus were partly explained by "a hope that the crisis could be managed by good diplomacy."

The panel — chosen by the WHO to examine its response — was headed by Barbara Stocking, a former head of Oxfam GB. It also included two long-serving senior WHO directors, one of whom ran for the WHO's top job.

Associated Press report continues:

The panel said senior WHO leaders let political considerations sway their decision-making, saying that economic concerns and "country politics" slowed the declaration of a public health emergency — a key step that acts as an international distress signal.

The WHO did not declare a global emergency for Ebola until Aug. 8, when nearly 1,000 people had died from the disease. More than 11,000 people are now estimated to have been killed by Ebola, the vast majority in the three West African nations of Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia, since the outbreak was first identified in March 2014.

The panel also noted that experienced WHO staff sent messages early on that the outbreak was serious.

"Either these did not reach senior leaders, or senior leaders did not recognize their significance," the panel wrote.

"It was an escalation of incompetence all the way to the top," said Oyewale Tomori, who sits on the WHO's Ebola Emergency Committee, a separate group.

He was unimpressed by the panel's conclusion that the WHO's response system failed and by its reluctance to identify specific mistakes.

"Nowhere in the report was any recommendation made to sanction staff," he said. "A system is not made of tables and chairs, it's made of people."

Other experts noted virtually nothing had changed after a similar report was published about the WHO's response to the 2009 swine flu pandemic.

"WHO, as currently structured and resourced, has been starkly exposed as incapable," said Kelley Lee, who sits on a separate panel chaired by Harvard University and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine analyzing the WHO's Ebola response.

Dr. Joanne Liu of the aid group Doctors Without Borders praised the report's focus on researching experimental drugs and reforming the public health emergency system. But Liu said it was still disconcerting that the panel and other such groups were laying out the world's lessons learned as Ebola was still claiming more victims every week.

"I am appalled to a certain extent that we spend so much time on the next epidemic when we still haven't dealt with this one," she said.